Strategies may serve more than one appeal. For example, a nod to the opposition may sway the audience and enhance the author's credibility at the same time.

Ethical Appeal (ethos) The Author (the author's voice or persona) An author must convince the audience that he or she is knowledgeable, accurate, and dependable in a moral sense.  Strategies for the ethical appeal (and others) Credibility Familiarity with subject Awareness of broad perspective (does not satirize or stereotype the opposition) Reasonableness, good judgement Character Respect others' values Value welfare of others Show integrity, trustworthiness, open-mindedness Confidence Show self-understanding Uses own voice Understand reader needs Treat reader as equal Cicero: "We give no credit to the liar, even when he speaks the truth."	Emotional Appeal (pathos) The Audience (the reader) While the origin of this appeal is in emotion, it includes appeals to values and beliefs of the audience. Strategies for the emotional appeal (and  others) Inspiring feeling/empathy/sympathy (anger, pride, guilt, shame, love, hope, etc.) Tone (formal/informal, playful/solemn, etc.) Awareness of opposition Nod to opposition's argument Question opposition motives  (does not feed stereotypes or prejudices) Targeting audience concerns (support) Needs Values Beliefs P.T. Barnum: "There's a sucker born every minute."	Logical Appeal (logos) The Argument (the work) A rhetorical text must present evidence and appeal to logic so that an audience can believe the point.  Strategies for the logical appeal (and others) Evidence Examples and Illustrations (facts, statistics, precedents) Description Personal or expert opinion Organization Narration Process Comparison/contrast Division/classification Cause/effect Logic Deductive/inductive reasoning Relevance Sherlock Holmes: "When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth." Or you didn't think of all the possibilities in the first place (darn).
Strategies that may serve any appeal: Style  Remember, most strategies may serve >Imagery >Repetition >Rhythm >Coherence >Emphasis >Figurative language (analogy, metaphor, simile) more than one appeal. Appeals my overlap. Diction  >Word choice (vocabulary) >Word order or arrangement (syntax)
Rhetorical Analysis Look at what a text is; tell how it does what it does. Þ Situate your reader in your text: describe as much of the what as is needed so that when you observe the how [it is done], your reader will not be lost. With evidence, convince your reader of the truth of your observations.  P - I - E = Point Illustration Explanation 1. Make a point. 2. Illustrate the point with something from the text. 3. Explain the illustration. TRIAC = Topic Restriction Illustration Analysis Conclusion  Quotation sandwich: Set the quotation in the work, give the quote, explain why you chose that quote (Remember that all models are simply a place to start. Some PIE paragraphs are IIIIEP, some TRIAC paragraphs are RIIAAC or TRAIIIC.)